多层抽水试验地下水位动态与同位素浅析——以衡水试验为例

Preliminary Analysis on the Groundwater Regime of the Pumping Test and Isotopes in Multi-aquifers:A Case Study of the Test Site in Hengshui

针对不同深度含水层,揭示其富水性,探讨地下水资源可恢复性、可利用性和浅层劣质水改造利用可能性。以国土资源部衡水地下水试验场为依托,在详细调查试验场影响区地下水开发利用状况、监测地下水年动态基础上,开展分层抽水试验和水化学同位素采样。通过对大量抽水水位动态数据过程、局部流场特征和水化学同位素的分析,得出结论:该区农业为影响地下水水位的主控因素;含水层系统承压性、补给强度从下到上分别呈减弱、增强趋势,除浅层外各含水层渗透性较强;各含水层渗流强度及方向不同等。提出实现地下水可持续开发利用建议:对浅层地下咸水适时进行抽咸换淡、混灌轮灌改造利用;170m、300m强含水层作为工农业用水主要开采层,深层地下水主要用于生活用水;按照水量平衡、分质用水原则开发地下水。

With regard to the aquifers of different depths, this paper is aimed at revealing their water abundance and studying the recoverability and availability of groundwater resources and the transformation and utilization possibility of the shallow ground- water with poor quality. Relying on the Hengshui groundwater test field of Ministry of Land and Resources, layered pumping test and the sampling of water chemistry isotopes were conducted on the basis of the detailed investigation of groundwater de- velopment and utilization status and monitoring the groundwater annual regime around the test field-affected zone. According to the analyses of the processes of a large number of water levels dynamic data from pumping test, local flow field characteristics and hydrochemical isotopes, conclusions are achieved as follows：agriculture is the main controlling factor affecting the groundw- ater; from the bottom to the top in multi-aquifers, the artesian pressure has the weakening trend while the recharge intensity has the increasing trend, and permeabilities, in addition to in the shallow aquifer, are all good; the seepage intensity and directions va- ry a lot from aquifer to aquifer, etc. The advices are given as follows：the shallow saline groundwater should be developed and u- tilized by pumping saline-water and supplying fresh-water in the right time and appropriate irrigation; the aquifers of 170 m and 300 m, which are rich aquiferous layers, can be the main exploitation aquifers for industry and agriculture; the deep groundwater is utilized primarily as the domestic water; water with different qualities should be used for relevant aspects, etc. Then the sus- tainable development and utilization of the groundwater can be realized.