菌-藻体系去除水产养殖废水中氮和磷的净化实验

Purification on N and P in Aquiculturie Wastewater with a Bacteria-Alga System

以投加人工饲料喂养罗非鱼7天的玻璃鱼缸内的废水为样品,接种地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacilluslicheniformis)、硝化细菌、月牙藻(Selenastrum reinsch)和四尾栅藻(Scenedesmus quadricanda)后于光照箱内培养,于0、12h、24h、48h、84h、120h、168h测定废水样品的pH值、溶解氧、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮和可溶性磷酸盐的去除率,以24h氨氮和168h可溶性磷酸盐的去除率为指标进行L9(34)正交实验,研究菌-藻体系去除水产养殖废水中氮和磷的净化效果。结果表明,地衣芽孢杆菌、硝化细菌、月牙藻和四尾栅藻组成的菌-藻体系可以通过其新陈代谢过程中形成的原始共生关系有效地去除养殖水体中的氮、磷污染物。菌-藻体系去除氨氮的最佳反应时间为24h,最大去除率98%,在初始密度为5×105cells/ml条件下,最佳菌-藻体积配比为1∶2∶2∶3,即最佳菌-藻初始密度分别为2.5×105cell/ml、5.0×105cell/ml、5.0×105cell/ml、10.0×105cell/ml。菌-藻体系去除可溶性磷酸盐的最佳反应时间为168h,去除率100%,在初始密度为5×105cells/ml条件下,最佳菌藻体积配比为1∶1∶3∶2,即最佳菌-藻初始密度分别为2.5×105cell/ml、2.5×105cell/ml、10.0×105cell/ml、5.0×105cell/ml。

Using the waste water after feeding tilapia 7 days with artificial additive in the aquarium glass as samples,Bacillus licheniformis（Bacillus licheniformis）,nitrifying bacteria,crescent algae（Selenastrum reinsch） and four tail gate algae（Scenedesmus quadricanda）were vaccinated and cultured in the light box.pH value,dissolved oxygen,ammonia nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen and soluble phosphate removal rate of the waste water samples were measured after 0,12h,24h,48h,84h,120h and 168h,respectively cultivation.Then L9（34） orthogonal experiments were conducted to analyze the ammonia nitrogen at 24h and the removal rate of soluble phosphate at 168h,in order to estimate the purification effect of bacteria-algae system by removal of N and P in the waste water aquaculture.The results show that the bacteria-algae system composed from bacillus,denitrifying bacteria,crescent algae and four tail gate of algae can effectively remove the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the breeding water through their metabolism process forming the original symbiotic relationship.This bacteria-algae system reveals the best reaction time for removing ammonia nitrogen at 24 h and the biggest removal rate of 98%.In the initial density of 5.0×105cells/ml,the best bacteria-algae volume ratio is 1∶2∶2∶3,namely the best algae bacteria-initial density is 2.5×105cell/ml,5.0×105cell/ml,5.0×105cell/ml,10.0×105cell/ml for the 4 compositions,respectively.The best reaction time for the bacteria-algae soluble system to remove phosphate is at 168 h with removal rate of 100%.In the initial density of 5.0×105cells/ml,the best volume ratio of bacteria and algae is 1∶1∶3∶2,namely the best algae bacteria-initial density is 2.5×105cell/ml,2.5×105cell/ml,10.0× 105cell/ml,5.0×105cell/ml,respectively.