柳州城市公园冬季鸟类群落特征与生境的关系

Relationship between Avian Community and Habitat in Liuzhou Urban Parks in Winter

2009年11月至2010年1月和2010年11至2011年1月,对柳州市区内的4个公园(柳侯公园、鱼峰公园、雀山公园、龙潭公园)的鸟类进行调查,记录到鸟类76种,分属于12目35科。雀山公园的鸟类物种数、多样性和优势度都最高,柳侯公园的鸟类密度最大,龙潭公园的鸟类密度最小,鱼峰公园的鸟类均匀度最好。鸟类物种数与公园内的乔木种数、灌木种数和水域面积,鸟类多样性与生境类型种数,鸟类密度与人流量之间均呈显著的正相关关系。柳州城市公园应该提高植被和生境多样性,采用接近自然的管理模式营造适合鸟类生存的环境,从而提高鸟类多样性。

The bird diversity was investigated from November 2009 to January 2010 and from November 2010 to January 2011 in 4 urban parks,Liuzhou.Total 76 bird species were recorded,belonging to 35 families of 12 orders.Queshan Park had the greatest number of avian species,the highest diversity index and domination index.Liuhou Park had the greatest density whereas Longtan Park had the minimal.Yufeng Park had the highest species evenness index.The results showed that there were positive correlations between arbor species,shrub species,water area and avian species,habitat style and avian diversity,and between birds density and human quantity.To build the bird-attracting facilities,the suggestions were offered on improving the diversity of plants and habitats,using a ＂close-to-nature＂ management method.