桑寄生危害西南桦人工林的调查研究

Investigation of Loranthu sparasitica Damaging Plantation of Betula alnoides in Guangxi

为探索桑寄生(Loranthu sparasitica)对西南桦(Betula alnoides)人工林可能造成的危害,于2009～2011年在广西14个林场(乡)的西南桦造林地,采用线路调查法和标准样地法对西南桦人工林受桑寄生危害情况进行调查。结果表明,广西天峨县林朵林场桑害生危害较重,其余地点发生危害较轻。西南桦桑寄生丛数量差异大,最多的每株树达5丛,最少的1丛;桑寄生主要寄生西南桦主干的中上部;坡位不同,寄生率不同;中坡寄生率高,长势好;桑寄生不仅降低寄主生长量,而且可致寄主枯死。桑寄生可通过营林措施等多种方法进行防治。为确保西南桦人工林健康生长,应当注意防治桑寄生危害。

In order to control the possible damage of Loranthu sparasitica to plantation of Betula alnoides,the investigation of the plantations of Betula alnoides was carried out in 14 forest farms or towns in Guangxi from 2009 to 2011 by reconnaissance survey and reference land unit method.The results showed that the damage of Loranthu sparasitica was more serious in Linduo Forest Farm of TianE County,Gunagxi,but the damages were very light in other places.There were different quantities of parasites（Loranthu sparasitica） from trees to trees.The most was 5 parasites on a tree and the least was only 1.There were different parasitical rates of Loranthu sparasitica in different slope places of the mountains or the hills.The most parasitical rate was in the middle slopes where the parasites grew very well.The Loranthu sparasitica not only reduced the growing of the host trees,but also could kill some of them.The damage of Loranthu sparasitica can be controlled by afforestion and other many measures.The prevention and control of Loranthu sparasitica damage should be taken into account,in order to keep the health of plantation of Betula alnoides.