支气管肺泡灌洗在治疗重症哮喘患者中的效果观察及护理

Effect of bronchoalveolar lavage on severe asthma

目的探讨支气管肺泡灌洗在治疗重症哮喘患者中的治疗效果及护理经验。方法对24例重症哮喘患者在机械通气的基础上采用纤支镜支气管肺泡灌洗治疗,观察和比较支气管肺泡灌洗前后患者动脉血气及气道阻力变化情况和观察灌洗过程中不良反应及并发症发生情况。结果支气管肺泡灌洗后患者动脉氧分压(PaO2)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)较灌洗前升高,气道峰压(PIP)较灌洗前降低,灌洗前后比较,均P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义;在灌洗过程中患者未出现严重的并发症。结论 在机械通气的基础上采用纤支镜下支气管肺泡灌洗是治疗重症哮喘有效手段。做好灌洗前后的护理是保证治疗成功的关键。

Objective To investigate the effect of bronehoalveolar lavage on severe asthma and propose the nursing strategies. patients with severe asthma were managed by bronchoalveolar lavage under bronchofibroscope apart from mechanical ventilation Methods 24 The pre-lavage indexes in arterial blood gas and airway resistance were compared to the post-lavage ones. The adverse effect and the complications during lavage were obsetwed. Results The pre-lavage Pa02 and Sa02 were significantly increased than the post-lavage, while the peak inspiratory pressure （PIP） decreased （P 〈 0.01 for all）. No critical complications were observed during the bronchoalveolar lavage. Conclusions The bronehoalveolar lavage under bronchofibroscope apart from mechanical ventilation is effective in the treatment of severe asthma. The nursing during bronchoalveolar lavage is critical for successful treatment of severe asthma.