抑郁症患者自尊、主观幸福感及其症状学影响因素分析

Study on Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being in Depressive Patients and Their Symptomatic Factor

目的探讨抑郁症患者自尊、主观幸福感的特点以及抑郁症状对其的影响。方法采用24项汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、自尊量表以及幸福感指数问卷对门诊或病房79名抑郁症患者及57名正常人进行调查分析。结果①抑郁症组和正常对照组自尊得分(t=-7.775,P<0.001)及主观幸福感得分(t=7.528,P<0.001)均有显著性差异;②抑郁症患者的自尊得分与HAMD中的绝望感因子分呈正相关(r=0.245,P<0.05),主观幸福感得分与绝望感因子分呈负相关(r=-0.307,P<0.01);③逐步回归分析结果表明,抑郁症患者的绝望感因子分是自尊得分的主要影响因素;绝望感因子分和焦虑因子分是主观幸福感得分的主要影响因素。结论对抑郁症患者进行心理干预时,应关注其症状学影响因素,提高自尊水平和主观幸福感。

Objective To explore self-esteem and subjective well-being in depressive patients and the effect of the severity of depression on them.Methods Using the Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD）,Self-esteem Scale（SES）and Subjective Well-being Index Questionnaire to evaluate 79 clinical and hospitalized depression patients and 57 normal controls.Results ①The scores of self-esteem（t=-7.775,P〈0.001）and subjective well-being index（t=7.528,P〈0.001）showed significant differences between two groups.②In test group,the score of self-esteem was positively correlated to the desperation factor score（r=0.245,P〈0.05）,The score of subjective well-being index was negatively correlated to the desperation factor score（r=-0.307,P〈0.01）.③In test group,stepwise regression analysis indicated the desperation factor score significantly affected the score of self-esteem;the desperation factor and the anxiety factor scores significantly affected the scores of subjective well-being index.Conclusion More attention should be paid to counseling the depressive patients in depressive symptoms and improving the level of self-esteem and subjective well-being.