蛇床子提取物对茄子根际土壤中黄萎菌数量及植株抗病性的影响

Effects of Cnidium monnieri extracts on the amount of Verticillium dahliae in rhizosphere and disease resistance of eggplants

本试验以茄子根际土壤黄萎菌为作用对象,采用浓度为2、4、8、10mg/mL的蛇床子提取物,通过田间灌施,配合伤根接菌的方法处理茄子幼苗,探讨蛇床子提取物对根际土壤黄萎菌抑制作用及其对植株抗病性的影响。结果表明,不同浓度蛇床子提取物均可抑制茄子黄萎病的发生,其中浓度为8mg/mL效果最为显著。与清水对照相比,根际土壤中的黄萎菌数量减少了56.67%～69.23%;茄子植株的发病率和病情指数分别减少了53.12%～54.98%、51.26%～56.82%;生长指标的增幅分别为:株高3.68%～9.59%、茎粗3.41%～9.98%、地上部鲜重4.43%～9.47%、根鲜重2.61%～9.57%、叶面积3.56%～9.55%;防御酶活性也有所增加,增幅分别为:过氧化物酶(POD)45.60%～64.23%、多酚氧化酶(PPO)108.62%～255.00%、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)62.32%～76.04%。上述结果表明,蛇床子提取物会抑制茄子黄萎病的发生,增加植株的抗病性,促进植株生长。

Verticillium dahliae in rhizosphere of eggplants were studied, and the inhibitory effects of Cnidium monnieri extracts on V. dahliae in rhizosphere and disease resistance of eggplants were evaluated. The eggplants were treated with C. monnieri extracts at 2 mg/mL, 4 mg/mL, 8 mg/mL and 10 mg/mL, respectively, through field irrigation and adjunction, and inoculated with injured roots. The results showed that different concentrations had different inhibitory effects on V. dahliae, among which the concentration 8mg/mL had the best inhibitory effect. Compared with water control, the amount of V. dahliae declined by 56.67%-69.23%; disease rate and disease index decreased by 53.12%-54.98% and 51.26%-56.82%, respectively; the plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight of aboveground parts, fresh weight of roots, leaf area, increased by 3.68%-9.59%, 3.41%- 9.98%, 4.43% -9.47%, 2.61%-9.57% and 3.56%-9.55%, respectively; the activities of defensive enzymes, including peroxidase （POD）, polyphenoloxidase （PPO） and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase （PAL） increased by 45.60%-64.23%, 108.62%-255.00% and 62.32%-76.04%, respectively. C. monnieri had an inhibitory effect on V. dahliae of eggplants, enhanced the disease resistance of eggplants and promoted growth of eggplants.