屯堡“言旨话”及其文化内涵

Tunpu "Yanzhihua" and Its Cultural Connotation

"言旨话"是以四字格习熟短语为背景、隐去短语的末字而用前面相关之语替代末字来表义的一种具有新奇性的语言表达方式。它实际上是明朝初期从北方地区和江淮地区带到安顺来的"藏词式歇后语",之前经历了一个长期的发展过程,在这一过程中,其结构趋于定型化,取材趋于多样化,运用趋于广泛化。目前,它在北方地区和江淮地区已基本销声匿迹,在安顺周边屯堡村寨依然使用,但使用不平衡。"言旨话"是屯堡文化的一个事象,表现出屯堡人崇古、求奇求雅、族群认同等心理及"近取诸身"的观物取象方式。

＂Yanzhihua＂ is a novelty language expression, of which the last character of the Chinese fourcharacter idiom is hidden and uses the rest part to replace. It was brought to Anshun from the north of China and the yangtze - huaihe region in the Ming dynasty, and before that it experienced a long development process, in this process, its structure tend to standardization, its materials tend to diversification, its range of use become more wider. At present, it has almost disappeared in the north of China and the yangtze - huaihe region, and only exists in Tunpu villages around in Anshun with its imbalanced use. ＂Yanzhihua＂ is a phenomenon of Tunpu Culture; it shows the worship for the ancient, the pursuit of novel and elegant, the psychology of ethnic identity and the mode of extracting signs from their own perspectives of Tunpu people.