民事再审的审理范围

The Cognizant Scope of the Civil Retrial

处分原则是民事诉讼法的基本原则,民事再审程序中,当事人的处分权应得到法院的尊重。但民事再审程序作为一项事后救济程序,其启动不是作为诉讼程序的重新开始,而是作为原审的延续,应当受到当事人在原审中的诉讼行为的约束。因而,审理民事再审案件时,审理的范围应受当事人在原审中提出的诉讼请求的限制。检察机关提起抗诉时,受处分原则和平等原则的影响,人民法院也应当考虑当事人提出的请求。但在涉及国家利益或社会公共利益、调解、当事人在原审中已经依法要求增加或变更诉讼请求的情形时,应当允许民事再审较原审增加或变更诉讼请求。

The principle of disposition is the basic principle of the Civil Procedure Law. The fight of disposing of both parties should be respected by the court in the process of the civil retrial. As an afterword relief, the civil retrial procedure isn＇t a restart of the proceedings, but a continuation of the trial. It should be restrained by the litigation act of both parties during the original trial. Thus the cognizant scope of the civil retrial shall be within the limits of the claims which are proposed by the parties at the original trial. By the influence of the principles of disposition and equality, the People＇s Court should also directly consider the request of the parties when the People＇s Proeuratorate brings a protest. But when the case is involved in the national interest or social benefit, mediation, or the parties at the original trial had already proposed to increase or change the claims according to law at the original trial, the People＇s Court should allow the increase or change of the claims in the civil retrial.