急性脑卒中患者预防误吸的护理管理

Nursing management of preventing aspiration in acute stroke patients

目的探讨预防急性脑卒中患者误吸的护理管理方法及效果。方法将470例患者分为实验组(288例)和对照组(182例),对照组按常规护理,实验组在此基础上进行吞咽障碍筛查及相应的摄食护理。结果实验组患者吞咽障碍检出率高于对照组(P<0.05);吞咽障碍患者中实验组经口及经胃管摄食吸入性肺炎发生率均低于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论对急性脑卒中患者实施预防误吸护理可降低吸入性肺炎的发生率,促进患者的预后。

Objective To explore the methods and effects of nursing management on preventing aspiration in acute stroke patients. Methods A total of 470 patients with acute stroke were divided into the experimental group （ n = 288 ） and the control group （ n = 182 ）. Routine care was adopted in the control group, while screening test of swallowing barriers and corresponding appropriate feeding care were implemented in the experimental group. Results The incidence rate of dysphagia in the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The incidences of aspiration pneumonia through oral feeding and tube feeding in the experimental group were significantly lower than the control group （ P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Implementation of aspiration intervention can reduce the rate of aspiration pneumonia and promote prognosis of acute stroke patients.