大陆法系侵权法上救助义务研究

Research on Duty to Rescue in Tort Law in the Civil Law System

大陆法系的绝大多数国家在刑法上都完成了"恶撒玛利亚人法"的制定,确立了人们应对他人承担一般救助义务的立法模式。但由于"好撒玛利亚人法"的缺失,势必会使人们在施救时产生种种疑虑与担心,进而严重影响到救助义务规定的法律实效。尽管《法国民法典》也是如此,但法国人在司法实践中形成的一些著名判例,对欧洲大陆其他国家还是产生了积极的影响。

Most countries in the Civil Law System have stipulated Bad Samaritan Law in their criminal law regulating that one should assume a general duty to rescue. However, for the lack of Good Samaritan Law, concerns and worries would arise when people rescue others, which would severely affect the implementation of the rule on duty to rescue. The Good Samaritan Law is lacking in the French Civil Code, nevertheless some classic cases in their judicial practice have constructive effects on other continental nations.