404例溃疡性结肠炎住院病例回顾性分析

Retrospective study of 404 cases of patients with ulcerative colitis in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan university

目的调查近20年来我院溃疡性结肠炎（UC）住院患者的患病情况和临床病理变化，探讨溃疡性结肠炎的发病情况和临床特征。方法收集近20年我院确诊为溃疡性结肠炎患者的临床资料，统计患病情况、临床特征、内镜及病理特点、治疗情况、病程与预后。结果近20年我院溃疡性结肠炎患者明显增多，并呈逐渐上升趋势。404例患者中，男女比例1．23：1，年龄6—84岁，平均年龄（42．7±14．8）岁，平均病程3．4年。溃疡性结肠炎主要临床表现为血便（80．2％）、腹泻（74．0％）。肠外表现17例（4．2％），并发症19例（4．7％）。病变以慢性复发型（62．1％）为主，轻、中度病变多见（85．9％），部位以左半结肠为主（68．3％）。93．8％的溃疡性结肠炎患者经氨基水杨酸类药物和糖皮质激素治疗有效，手术患者14例（3．5％），死亡1例。结论近20年来我院溃疡性结肠炎患者患病呈上升趋势，患者年龄偏大，病情较轻，病程较短，肠外表现和并发症少，手术病例少，死亡率低，内科治疗预后较好。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of ulcerative colitis（UC） in Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan university, China, and summarise the clinical and pathological characteristics of UC patients in the latest 20 years. Methods Four hundred and four cases of UC were retrospectively collected from zhongnan hospital of wuhan university in Wuhan City from 1991 to 2010. The prevalence, clinical and pathological features, treatments, course of disease and prognosis were evaluated. Results The cases of UC were increasing from 1991 to 2010 in Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan university. The ratio of male to female was 1.23： 1. The age of UC at diagnosis was 6 -84（42.7 ± 14.8）years old. The mean duration of the disease was 3.4 years. Clinical manifestations were mainly bloody stool （ 80. 2% ） and diarrhea （74.0%） ,the extraintestinal manifestation and complications were 4.2% and 4.7%. Mild and moderate cases（ 85.9% ） and left-sided colitis（ 68.3% ） were remained dominant, and so did the relapsed type in clinic. Conclusions The prevalence of UC was increased in Zhongnan hospital of Wuhan university during the latest 20 years, UC were prevalent in middle age, and has the next features ： having a short course of the disease,low occurrence of operability and mortality, extraintestinal manifestations and complications, and having a better prognosis.