土地信托——农村养老方式的新探索

Land Trust:A New Method for Taking Care of the Rural Seniors

目前,传统的"养儿防老"的养老模式已经不再适合中国的现状,而"土地信托"则可以作为替代农村"养儿防老"模式的最优选择。土地信托是我国农村养老保障制度的重要内容,其中委托人、受托人、受益人是土地信托法律关系的主体。由于土地信托中存在着信用风险、信托财产转移风险和经营风险等,因此需要制定《土地信托管理办法》,对土地信托中的特殊问题,如委托人、受托人资格,以及信托财产、土地信托中的信息公开等问题作出专门规定。建议设立统一的监察人制度,规范受托人的谨慎投资义务和受托人违反信托义务的责任制度等,以便为养老为目的的土地信托提供切实可行的法律保障。

At present the traditional ＂raising kids to take care of the seniors＂ model is increasingly untenable in rural China. Land Trust might be the best alternative to replace the old mode. Land Trust constitutes an important component in rural China＇s senior care system, with the ensuing legal relations involving a settlor, a trustee and beneficiaries. Since land trust entails risks arising from credibility of the parties involved, property transfer and operations, devising and passing a Land Trust Regulations law becomes imperative. This law will stipulate regarding the settlor, proper credentials of the trustee, the trust property as well as registration of relevant information for public access. We recommend that this law will establish a uniform protector system, stipulate the careful management responsibility of the trustees and trustee accountability so that adequate legal protection can be instated for the welfare of the rural seniors.