八年制临床医学专业病理学实习实施以问题为基础学习教学方法效果评估

Evaluation of problem-based learning in pathological experiments of eight-year program education

病理学实习能够充分体现理论联系实际的教学原则,是病理学教学的重要内容.为充分发挥病理学实习的作用,提高病理学实习教学效果,本课题在第二军医大学八年制临床医学专业病理学实习中引入了以问题为基础学习（ problem-based learning,PBL）教学方法.以第二军医大学2007级八年制临床医学专业30名学生为研究对象,随机选择其中15名学生为实验组,15名学生为对照组.实验组实习采用PBL教学方法,对照组实习采用常规教学方法,两组实习同步进行,课后统一考核,并就有关PBL教学进行问卷调查.结果显示：实验组学生实习平均成绩92.8分、期末总平均成绩85.7分,对照组学生实习平均成绩87.2分、期末总平均成绩79.4分,实验组学生成绩明显高于对照组,组间比较其差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.病理学实习结合具体教学特点灵活应用PBL教学方法,有利于激发学生的学习兴趣和克服实习的固有弊端,取得良好的教学效果.

Pathologic experiment teaching could show the combination of theory and practice, which is the special feature of pathology teaching. To come to the important role of pathologic practice, we used problem-based learning （PBL） teaching model in pathologic experiment teaching for the medical students in eight-year program of 2007 in the Second Military Medical Universi（y. 15 students in experiment group and 15 students in control group were random selected. The experiment group was taught by PBL model while the control group was taught by classical pathological practice model. Examination and ques- tionnaire were done in both groups. The questionnaire and the exam results showed that PBL model brought a better effective in the aspects of learning interest and overcoming the drawback of pathological practice. Average score of practice and pathology overall score in experimental group were 92.8 and 85.7 respectively, which were higher than those of control group （87.2 and 79.4）, and significant difference was ob- served between two groups（P〈0. 05）.