现代汉语句法结构与词法结构组合方式的比较

On the Comparison of Combinational Patterns of Morphology and Syntax in Contemporary Chinese

将词法结构与句法结构进行比较,传统上以语义关系为准,对于二者的相同点与联系考察较详。从语言单位的组合方式来考察词法结构与句法结构,可以看出二者组合形式上的联系与差别,从而发掘二者组合的可借鉴或不可借鉴的相关规律。从形式结构上看,二者都有同级单位组合与异级单位组合两种情况,其中一些组合规律由于上下层语言单位的相似性而可以相互借鉴,而另一些组合规律则由于不同层级语言单位使用范围有特殊性或使用特点有差别从而受到不同限制,彼此之间则不能借鉴。从形式组合上比较、分析词法结构与句法结构,有利于对二者进行更深入的研究。

Syntax is compared with morphology by semantic relation, thus the semantic homologies and relations could be seen easily and profoundly. By the combinational patterns of the two reviewing, we could find out their relations and differ- ences about their combinational form, and find out their rules of use for reference. Both have the combinational patterns of the same hierarchy unit of language and of the different hierarchy unit of language. For some rules, they could be used for reference because these lingual units are kin despite they belong to different hiberarchy. But for the others, they eouldn＇ t be used for reference because of their particularity in using area or in using characteristics. Study for the formal combinational oattems of moroholoav and syntax could urge the study of the two_