广州市社区卫生服务机构妇幼保健工作现状及资源配置公平性研究

The Status of Maternal and Child Health Work, Fairness of Resource Allocation in Guangzhou Maternal and Child Health Community

目的探讨广州市社区卫生服务机构妇幼保健工作开展现状、资源配置情况及其公平性。方法 2010年12月至2011年2月,广州市妇幼保健院采用自行设计的《社区卫生服务机构及镇医院妇幼保健工作基本情况调查表》对广州市提供社区卫生服务机构进行普查,并运用Lorenz曲线和Gini系数分析法,进行社区妇幼保健服务人力资源配置及其公平性进行评价。结果广州市10个区及2个县级市,共计195家社区卫生服务机构接受调查,从业妇幼保健的人员共计735位。按照服务人口测算,社区卫生妇幼机构及妇幼保健人力资源配置的Gini系数分别为0.107,0.114;按照辖域面积测算,社区卫生妇幼机构及妇幼保健人力资源配置的Gini系数分别为0.509,0.598。按照辖域面积测算的Gini系数处于公平性配置警戒区域。结论广州市社区卫生服务机构总体布局基本合理,达到国家覆盖人口设置标准,但公平性尚待改善,社区卫生服务人员结构仍尚待改善。

Objective To overall study the status of maternal and child health work, the fairness of resource allocation in the Guangzhou maternal and child health community. Methods All the communities in Guangzhou were investigated by Maternal and Child Health Community Institutions Questionnaire which was designed by Maternal and Child Heath Hospital of Guangzhou City from December 2010 to February 2011. The investigation based on the situation of the Guangzhou maternal and child health agencies and took the Lorenz curves and Gini coefficient to analysis the fairness of human resources. Results There were 735 maternal and child health care staffs and 195 health service agencies at 12 districts in Guangzhou. Estimated by the population, the Gini coefficient of agencies was 0. 107, and the human resources was 0. 114. Calculated by the area, they were 0. 509 and 0. 598, respectively. The results indicated that the fairness of human resource was on the critical line. Conclusions The overall layout of agencies was reasonable in Guangzhou, which has reached the standard setting of the country covering service population. However, further development and improvement should be conducted on the fairness and structure of human resource in the health community.