西方文论的三种形态和两次转型

Three Patterns and Two Transforms of Western Literary Theory

西方文论发展和嬗变的历史上交织着纷繁复杂的文学观念和理论学说,粗略划分,可分出三个主要阶段,依次是从古典时代到16世纪、从17世纪到19世纪,以及20世纪。这三个阶段各有其主导性的文论形态,分别是本体论文论、认识论文论和语言学文论。从本体论文论过渡到认识论文论,以及从认识论文论过渡到语言学文论,构成西方文论形态的两次重大转型。

There are complicated literary ideas and theories in the developing and changing history of western literary theory. Generally speaking, they can be divided into three stages successively： classical times to the 16th century, the 17th to 19th century, and the 20th century. The three stages have their dominant literary theories which are separately concerned with ontology, epistemology, and linguistics. Two great transforms in the history of western literary theory are the change from ontology to epistemology, and the change from epistemology to linguistics.