“类”之运思与“观物取象”的审美观照方式——《周易》山水审美内质解析

On the Analogical Thinking and Aesthetical Reflection Manners from Objects to Its Imagination——Nature of the Landscape in The Book of Changes

《周易》作为考察先秦山水范畴涵义的典范性文本,携带着先秦审美方式的丰富信息和后世多元审美图景的萌蘖。由"类"的运思方式和"观物取象"的审美观照方式入手,解读《周易》独特山水审美内质,是廓清传统山水审美理路的先秦成因的关键。相对于原始儒家以道德本质主义为主体的文化建构而言,传统"类"之运思方式的变革为古典美学的发展注入了审美心理和审美经验的维度,之后发生于中国传统美学领域内的一系列变化多是循此而成。

As a representative work to study the connotation of the landscapes in the Pre - Qin peri- od, The Book of Changes contains a wealth of information about the aesthetic modes in this period, and beginnings of the multivariate aesthetical pictures in the future. It is an important way to find the reasons of traditional landscape aesthetics that analyze the special aesthetical essence of the land- scapes in The Book of Changes with the analogical thinking and aesthetic reflection between objects and its imagination. Relative to the Confucian cultural construction based on moral essentialism, the change of the traditional analogical thinking brought the aesthetic psychology and the aesthetic expe- rience. It promoted a series of changes in the fields of Chinese traditional esthetics. So the signifi- cance of the analogical thinking manner changes is very notable.