关羽形象的生成演化与影响因素

An Analysis of Guan Yu Image:Its Establishment and Factors

历史上的关羽具有忠义品质,但也有高傲自负的一面。随着封建统治者的推崇、宗教的不断提升、民间的顶礼膜拜及文学艺术的虚构加工,关羽经历了由人到圣,由圣到神的传奇演变。在漫长复杂的演化过程中,关羽自身所具有的精神内涵是基础,统治者的重视是决定力量,宗教、广大民众、封建文人等出于不同的目的也对关羽形象进行圣化、神化。诸多因素相互作用、相互影响,共同完成了对关羽形象的塑造。

Guan Yu is loyal but conceited in history. The image of Guan Yu has experienced the evolvement from human being to saint, and from saint to spiritual being with the value of the ruler of feudalism, the religious improvement and imaginary processing of literature and common people. In this complicated process, the image of Guan Yu is modelled with interaction of various factors. The spiritual connotation of Guan Yu is the basis, the value of the ruler is the decisive force, and other elements of apotheosis and sanctification of Guan Yu also play roles during the formation.