北京和平街地区2007～2011年度孕产妇高危因素变化趋势

Trends of risk factors during pregnancy from 2007 to 2011 in Hepingjie community of Beijing

目的：了解我院所辖和平街地区孕产妇高危因素的变化趋势和近5年主要高危因素的构成变迁。方法：采用以人群为基础的北京市三级妇幼保健网络收集和平街地区2007~2011年度（2006.10~2011.9）孕产妇资料,统计不同年度、不同户籍的高危因素上升和下降幅度;应用卡方趋势检验对年高危因素比率、构成和变化趋势进行分析。结果：2007~2011年度和平街地区孕妇共2872例,其中高危孕妇812例,占28.2%。高危孕产妇所占比率呈逐年上升趋势,2007~2011各年度分别为21.3%、24.1%、28.6%、32.4%和33.5%（χ2=29.07,P〈0.01）。前5位高危因素为高龄初产、巨大胎儿、早产、宫内窘迫和双胎,分别占7.6%,6.8%,4.4%,2.3%,2.1%。高龄初产、双胎和早产比率呈逐年增长趋势（均P〈0.01）;体重≥70kg的孕妇呈逐年下降趋势（P〈0.01）。北京户籍孕妇高龄初产比率高于外地户籍孕妇（P〈0.01）。结论：近5年和平街地区高危孕产妇呈逐年增多趋势,高危因素中以高龄初产、双胎和早产为主要增长因素。本市户籍高龄初产比率明显高于外地户籍孕妇。

Objective：To analyze time trend and change of risk factors during pregnancy from the year 2007 to 2011.Methods：Data were based on child and maternal surveillance system.Retrospective analysis of risk factors during pregnancy in the collected data was carried out,χ2 trend analysis were applied to test the trends,ratio as well as changes of major risk factors during the pregnancy from 2007 to 2011 of Hepingjie Community.Results：A total of 2872 pregnant women were collected,including 812（28.2%） women with risk factors of pregnancy.The ratio of high risk pregnancy were 21.3%,24.1%,28.6%,32.4% and 33.5% respectively and showed an increasing trend from 2007 to 2011（P0.05） in the past 5 years.The ratio of elder primiparas in Beijing native were higher than that of nonlocal register（P〈0.01）.Conclusion：The incidence of high risk pregnant women showed an increasing trend from 2007 to 2011.The major contribution factors were elder primiparas,preterm delivery,double fetal macrosomia which were also revealed significantly increasing trends compared to the rest risk factors.Hence,enhancement of management to handle these factors should be emphasized so as to achieve better results.