甘肃省旱地农业技术创新与实践

The innovation and practice of dryland farming technology in Gansu Province

甘肃省地理跨度大,气候类型多种多样,旱地农业类型齐全,在长期的生产实践和科研活动中,把有效的传统抗旱办法与农田微集雨保墒工程、旱农耕作栽培技术、农业机械有机结合,创造了很多有区域特色的旱地农业技术。本文对甘肃省传统的砂田种植技术和旱地地膜小麦穴播技术、集雨农业技术体系进行简单回顾,对现阶段正在应用的主体创新旱农技术——全膜双垄沟播玉米、膜上覆土小麦种植技术体系的基本特点、抗旱增产机理及应用情况进行较详细的介绍。

With a large span in Geography and multiple climatic types, Gansu Province has complete types of dryland fanning. Combining with traditional drought-resistance experience, micro field rain-collecting engineering, drought-resistance cultivation and farm machinery, Gansu has created many regional characteristics dryland fanning technology in their long history of dryland fanning practice and agricultural research activities. The traditional Gansu gravel mulching field, dryland wheat film bunch planting, and rain-colleting agriculture was reviewed in this article. The basic features, mechanism of crop drought-resistance and yield increase, and application situation of the whole plastic-film mulching on double ridges and planting maize in catchment furrows, and soil over film-mulched and bunch-seeded wheat was introduced.