激光切割超音速喷嘴设计

Design of supersonic nozzles for laser cutting

分析了传统喷嘴工作在较高的供气压力下进行激光切割时产生激波的原因及激波对切割工艺的不良影响。为了解决这一问题,提出了一种设计超音速拉瓦尔喷嘴的新方法。这种新型超音速喷嘴包括四部分:稳定段、收缩段、喉部、扩张段。每一部分都是严格按照空气动力学理论进行设计的。这种喷嘴喷射出的气流动量高,流速均匀,边界整齐。利用这种喷嘴进行激光切割,可有效地提高切割质量和切割速度。

This paper analyses the reasons of the shock producing when the conventional nozzle is working at the high pressure in laser cutting, and the harmful effects of the shock in laser cutting . In order to solve this problem, a new method for the design of a supersonic nozzle is presented. This supersonic nozzle consists of four sections:stable,convergent,throat and divergent. Each of these sections is designed strictly based on gas dynamic theories. The exit jet from this type of nozzle with high momentum, good uniform and a tidy boundary can be obtained. Laser cutting speed and quality can be efficiently improved by using this type of nozzle.