妊娠期体质量增加对妊娠结局的影响

The influence of weight gain in pre-pregnancy on outcome of pregnancy

目的探讨孕前体体质量增加对妊娠结局的影响,为更好的做好孕期保健提供指导。方法回顾性分析自2008年12月至2011年12月分娩的有完整资料的单胎适龄期初产妇3 690例,从中选取330例,根据孕前的体质指数(BMI)(kg/m2)值将其分为两组:实验组和对照组,其中实验组的体质指数BMI≥24(超重或者肥胖),对照组的体质指数为:18.5≤BMI≤23.9(正常范围),分别比较各组间妊娠并发症及妊娠结局与BMI值的关系。结果实验组妊高症、糖尿病或血糖异常、巨大儿以及术后切口液化发生率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论孕前超重或者肥胖可增加妊高症、妊娠期糖尿病或者血糖异常、术后创面脂肪液化以及巨大儿等妊娠不良结局的发生,孕期应适当控制体质量,及早预防不良结局的发生。

Objective To explore the influence of weight gain on obstetric complications and outcome of pregnancy in order to guide the health care for pregnancy.Methods The data of 330 of 3690 cases of delivery with first pregnancy in this hospital during the period of December 2008 to December 2011 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed,and they were grouped according to their value of pregnant body mass index（BMI）（kg/m2） into two groups： experimental group with body mass index（BMI） ≥24（overweight or obesity） and control group with body mass index ≥18.5≤23.9（the normal range）,and the outcome of pregnancy and complications were compared with the relationship to BMI between these two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the pregnancy-induced hypertension,diabetes or blood glucose abnormalities,large fetus and liquefaction of postoperative incision were frequently seen in experimental group,and their difference was statistically significant（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusion Pregnant overweight or obesity can increase gestational diabetes or high blood pressure,blood glucose abnormalities,fat liquefaction of postoperative wound,large fetus,and the occurrence of adverse outcome during pregnancy,and weight of pregnant women should be appropriately controlled as soon as possible to prevent the happening of worse results.