首发抑郁症患者的视空间工作记忆探究

Explore the Visual Space Working Memory in First-episode Patients with Depressive Disorder

目的:探究首发抑郁症患者的视空间工作记忆特点及影响因素。方法:收集首发抑郁症患者、健康对照者各30例,分别进行汉密尔顿抑郁量表的评估、神经心理背景测试和视空间工作记忆测试。结果:实验组和对照组的基础记忆水平差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。抑郁患者视空间距离工作记忆损害显著(P=0.035),位置记忆相对保留(P=0.518)。抑郁程度与视空间工作记忆受损程度以及距离记忆受损程度相关(r=-0.272,P=0.036;r=-0.323,P=0.012),与位置记忆受损程度不相关(r=-0.083,P=0.572)。视空间工作记忆受性别和教育程度的影响(P=0.011,β=0.298;P=0.000,β=0.536),不受年龄的影响(P=0.345,β=0.129)。其中教育程度对距离记忆有较大影响(P=0.000,β=0.568),性别和教育程度对位置记忆有影响(P=0.029,β=0.263;P=0.001,β=0.484)。结论:首发抑郁症患者存在距离记忆受损,位置记忆相对保留。且距离工作记忆损害严重程度与抑郁程度相关,提示距离和位置工作记忆加工应用不同的神经环路。

Objective： The paper aimed to study characteristics and influencing factors of the visual spatial working memory of the pati- ents with the first-episode depression. Methods： 30 first-episode depression patients and 30 normal controls were measured by Hamilton De- pression Scale （HAMD）, neuropsychological testing and the spatial working memory test. Results： The experimental group and control group has no difference in terms of base memory （P〉 0.05）. Visual spatial working memory of the first-episode patients was significantly damaged （P= 0.035）, while their location memory relatively remained（P= 0.518）. Degree of depression has relevance to the damage degree of both visual spatial working memory and distance memory （r =- 0.272, P = 0.036; r =- 0.323, P= 0.012）, while it has no relevance to the damage degree of position memory （r =- 0.083, P = 0.572）. Visual spatial working memory is influenced by gender and education level （P = 0.011, β = 0.298; P = 0.000, β = 0.536）, hut not by age （P= 0.345, β = 0.129）, among which education level has a greater impact on the distance memory （P = 0.000, β = 0.568） while gender and educational level has impact on position memory （P = 0.029, β = 0.263; P = 0.00 1,β = 0.484）. Conclusion： The distance memory of patients with first-episode depression is damaged, while their location memory relatively remained. The damage de- gree of the distance working memory has relevance to the degree of depression. It can be predicted that the process of the visual spatial distance working memory and visual spatial location working memory may have applied different neural circuits.