陡槽溢洪道上孔板消能特性的试验研究

Experimental Research on Energy Dissipation Characteristics of Hole Plate in Chute Spillway

运用孔板消能工能有效改善低水头、大流量陡槽溢洪道中的水流流态,显著降低陡槽溢洪道中的水流流速和提高消能率。在此采用物理模型试验的方法,结合龙屯水库陡槽溢洪道除险加固工程,通过分析水流流态、水流速度的分布及消能率,对设置在陡槽溢洪道上的孔板的消能特性进行了研究。结果表明,孔板改善了上游弯曲段形成的折冲水流的不良流态,使水流流速明显减小,孔板的消能率达到50%以上,消能效果显著。

The energy dissipater of hole plate can improve the flow pattern in low head,large flow chute spillway,and reduce the flow velocity obviously and increase the energy dissipation ratio.Physical model experimental research is conducted on the energy dissipation characteristics of hole plate in chute spillway in combination of the reinforcement project at Longtun reservoir.Analysis is made on flow pattern,the distribution of flow velocity and its energy dissipation ratio.The results show that the designed hole plate is capable of improving the unhealthy flow pattern of refracted flow formed in upstream bent section,bring about an obvious decrease in flow velocity;the energy dissipation ratio of hole plate can exceed 50%,which indicates that the effect of energy dissipation is obvious.