甜糯玉米新品种抗病虫性的鉴定与评价

Identification and Evaluation on the Resistance to Insect Pest and Disease of Sweet and Waxy Corn Varieties

2002～2010年对250个甜、糯玉米新品种进行玉米大斑病、小斑病、茎腐病和亚洲玉米螟的抗性鉴定。结果表明,不同年份间的平均病害级别差异显著,玉米螟的食叶级别无显著差异。所有鉴定品种中,对大斑病表现中抗以上的占80.0%,对小斑病表现中抗以上的占76.4%,对茎腐病表现中抗以上的占77.2%,对玉米螟表现中抗及以上的仅占5.8%。根据玉米类型分析,甜玉米的综合抗性高于糯玉米,甜玉米品种"蜜脆678"、"华珍"和"绿色超人"等12个品种以及糯玉米"浙糯玉4号"和"京甜紫花糯"等10个品种的综合抗性较佳,表现出较强的抗病虫性。

From 2002 to 2010,two hundred and fifty new varieties of sweet and waxy corn were chosen to identify on resistance to northern corn leaf blight（NCLB）,southern corn leaf blight（SCLB）,corn stalk rot（CSR） and corn borer（CB）,respectively.The results showed that the average disease levels were significantly different between years,while the borer level was not significantly different.Among all varieties,80.0% were moderately resistant or better to NCLB,76.4% were moderately resistant or better to SCLB,77.2% were moderately resistant or better to stalk rot,while there was only 5.8% moderately resistant or better to corn borer.According to different types of corn,sweet corn showed the better comprehensive resistance than waxy corn.What＇s more,twelve varieties of sweet corn such as ＂Micui 678＂,＂Huazhen＂,＂Lvsechaoren＂,etc.,and ten varieties of waxy corn such as ＂Zhenuoyu 4＂,＂Jintianzihuanuo＂ and so on,those showed the stronger resistance to diseases and borer.