国有单位工资结构及其就业规模变化的收入分配效应：1988-2007

Effect of Changes in Wage Structure and Employment Shares of State-owned Units on Income Distribution:1988—2007

本文使用1988年、1995年、2002年、2007年CHIP城镇入户调查数据考察国有单位工资结构及其就业规模变化的收入分配效应。为此,本文采用了分位数回归方法、以多重分位数回归为基础的Machado&Mata(2005)反事实分解方法及作者扩展了的方法。各结果表明:国有企业就业份额大幅度下降导致中国城镇工资收入差距显著下降;然而国有企业减员增效改革完成以后,国有企业工资高于非国有企业的幅度及其不合理部分大幅度上升,其结果是城镇工资收入差距扩大。

This paper examines the effect of changes in wage structure and employment shares of state-owned units on the wage inequality of urban China by using CHIPs data. It applies quantile regressions, Machado ＆ Mata （2005） decomposition and the extension of it to single out respectively the factors representing the change of wage structure and employment shares of the public sector and SOEs that affect urban wage ineqttality. The econometric results show that after the radical SOEs reform aimed at solving over-manning and improving efficiency in the late 1990s, the sharp fall of the employment share of SOEs reduced urban wage inequality, but the rise of the wage premium to the state sector （versus non- state sector） raised the urban wage inequality.