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脑卒中相关性肺炎的危险因素及临床特点分析 被引量:57

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摘要 目的探讨急性脑卒中患者卒中相关性肺炎(SAP)的发生率、危险因素及病原学特点。方法回顾性分析山东省立医院神经内科普通病房2009年1月~2010年12月642例急性脑卒中患者病历资料,探讨SAP的危险因素,并分析其病原学特点及病死率。结果 642例急性脑卒中患者SAP的发生率为13.2%,其中71.8%的为早发性肺炎。不同卒中类型中,脑梗死、脑出血、蛛网膜下腔出血患者SAP发生率分别为10.9%、19.4%、29.4%(P<0.01)。不同卒中部位,前循环脑卒中、后循环脑卒中、前+后循环脑卒中SAP发生率分别为8.3%、22.3%、24.6%(P<0.01)。SAP患者的病死率为31.7%。年龄≥65岁、糖尿病、吸烟史、吞咽障碍、低蛋白血症、预防性应用抗生素、脱水剂、H2受体阻滞剂或质子泵抑制剂、鼻饲治疗是SAP的危险因素。病程中共培养出菌株65例,其中革兰阴性菌占67.7%,革兰阳性菌占26.2%,真菌占6.2%。结论 SAP多发生在入院72 h内,以革兰阴性菌为主要致病菌;SAP增加患者病死率;不同卒中类型和部位的SAP发生率不同;早发性肺炎和晚发性肺炎的危险因素不同。
出处 《山东医药》 CAS 2012年第20期41-44,共4页 Shandong Medical Journal
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参考文献9

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