明代文官犯罪检举路径初探

How to Prosecute Official Criminal in Ming Dynasty

明代文官犯罪行为可由自己检举,也可通过法定机关监察御史、巡抚、按察司官员、给事中举劾,文官系统中任何官员只要发现他人有犯罪行为都可以检举,皇权控制之下的特务机关东厂、锦衣卫、西厂、内行厂也负责监督官员不法行为,普通百姓也有成功告发官员不法行为的案例。法定机关在监督官员不法行为中如果能发挥主要作用,那么此时期必定吏治清明,社会安定,反之,则会导致贪腐盛行、政治秩序失衡。

Officials could prosecute themselves or be prosecuted by the censors, the grand governors, provin- cial judges and supervising censors, it was a basic right to do that, the secret services was empowered ,too, such as Eastern Depot,Imperial Bodyguard,Western Depot,Palace Depot, even the common people had the right who did successfully several times, in a word, the legal government organization took the best important possession, other- wise, it would lead to an unbalance political environment, in which corruption would prevail.