竞争政策视野下商标权取得制度研究

Research on Trademark Right Acquisition System from Competition Policy Perspective

商标权取得制度的发展实践表明,单一使用取得和注册取得均各有利弊。正因如此,二十世纪以后各国商标权取得制度在竞争政策的引导下呈现出融合趋势。"自然权利"理论为商标权的正当性提供了道德基础,"实用主义"财产理论则为商标权所蕴含的竞争政策内涵提供了理论支持。商标权取得制度具有丰富的竞争政策内涵,但在其制度发展过程中有时亦呈现出与竞争政策的不适应性。突出商标法对竞争的内在激励作用,促进商标取得制度与竞争政策的融合应成为我国商标权取得制度完善的方向。

Development practice of trademark acquisition system shows that single use acquisition system and registration acquisition system both have advantages and disadvantages. For this reason, after the 20th century, un- der the guidance of competition policy, the national trademark acquisition system shows the convergence trend. ＂Natural rights＂ theory provides a moral basis for the legitimacy of the trademark rights. ＂Pragmatism＂ property theory provides theory support for. the trademark right＇s public policy connotation, more precisely, the competition policy connotation. Trademark right acquisition system has abundant competition policy connotation, however, in the system development process, it sometimes shows something non -adaptive for competition policy. It is the di- rection of trademark system perfection to emphasize trademark law＇s inherent incentives on competition and promote the integration between trademark acquisition system and competition policy .