短花针茅荒漠草地放牧系统微量元素季节变化及盈缺分析

Seasonal changes and sufficiency or lack analysis of trace elements in grazing system in Stipa breviflora desert steppe

为更有效地防治内蒙古自治区四子王旗地区家畜微量元素代谢病,合理使用微量元素添加剂,采用实地采样和实验室分析相结合的方法,对该地区短花针茅(Stipa breviflora)荒漠草地土壤-牧草-家畜生态系统中微量元素的水平进行检测。结果显示,土壤中铜和硒处于缺乏状态。牧草中铁和锰元素处于过量状态,硒为缺乏状态。与健康绵羊的各项指标相比较,血浆中铁和锰分别于夏秋季节和全年高于正常水平,硒和铜元素分别于秋季和冬季低于正常水平;肝脏中铁和锰全年高于正常水平,铜冬季低于临界值,硒元素秋冬季节低于正常水平;被毛中铁全年高于正常水平,而铜和硒全年低于正常水平。结合放牧绵羊对各种矿物质的进食量和消化率进行综合分析表明,该地区为高铁、高锰、低硒的生态环境,同时铜和锌处于季节性缺乏状态。

In order to provide scientific basis for preventing diseases of trace elements metabolism of livestock,the contents of trace elements were investigated and analyzed in grazing system in Stipa breviflora desert steppe in Siziwang area of Inner Mongolia.The detection of trace minerals in soil-forage-sheep ecosystem was performed using the methods of sampling in the field and lab analysis.The results showed that the soil is lack of Cu and Se critically.The pasture is rich in Fe and Mn,however,it is lack of Se.The indicators were also compared between local sheep and health sheep,and we found that the content of Fe was higher than the normal value in summer and autumn,and the content of Mn was higher than normal value in the whole year in the plasma.In contrast,the content of Se was lower than the normal value in autumn and the content of Cu was lower than the normal value in winter in the plasma.Furthermore,the contents of Fe and Mn were higher than the normal values in the whole year,and the content of Cu was lower than the critical values in the winter in the liver.Meanwhile,the content of Se in the liver was lower than the normal value in autumn and winter.The content of Fe was higher than the normal value and the contents of Cu and Se were lower than the normal values in the whole year in the wool.Using the comprehensive analyses of intake,digestibility of minerals,the results revealed that in this area the contents of Fe and Mn are high,and the contents of Se is low.The contents of Cu and Zn are low seasonally.