外来入侵植物银胶菊不同部位的化感作用

Allelopathic effects of Parthenium argentatum on seed germination and seedling growth of three plant species

在室内以滤纸为载体用离体生物测定方法测定了银胶菊(Parthenium hysterophorus)根、茎、叶和果实水浸提液对蔬菜萝卜(Raphanus sativus)和杂草马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis)、苘麻(Abutilon theophrasti)种子的化感效应,同时在温室内以土壤为载体测定了银胶菊不同部位干粉对这3种植物种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。室内生测试验结果表明,银胶菊叶和果实水浸提物对3种受体植物种子的萌发和幼苗生长均有较强的抑制作用,其中受体萝卜和苘麻的敏感性较高,而马唐的敏感性较低。温室盆栽试验也表明,银胶菊叶和果实对受体生长的影响明显高于根和茎,说明叶和果实是集中表现银胶菊化感作用的特定部位。

Allelopathie effects of aqueous extracts and powder of different parts of Parthenium hysteroDho-rus on seed germination and seedling growth of Abutilon theophrasti, Digitaria sanguinalis, and Rapha-nus sativus were evaluated either in petri dishes or a greenhouse. The results showed that the aqueous extracts of roots, stems, leaves and fruits all had negative effects on the seed germination and seedling growth of three tested plants, while the aqueous extracts from leaves and fruits had higher inhibiting on the seed germination and seedling growth of all tested plants than those from roots and stems. A. theo- phrasti and R. sativus were more sensitive to the extracts than D. sanguinalis. This conclusion was also confirmed by testing seed germination and seedling growth of the three plants in the mixture of 25 g pow- der （from different parts of P. argentatum） with 1 kg soil in a greenhouse.