野生大豆与栽培大豆杂交后代秸秆营养品质研究

Nutritive value comparison among straw from different generations of hybrid offspring

本试验对野生大豆(Glycine soja)与栽培大豆(G.max)杂交后代不同代次的秸秆进行了营养品质测定,以期为饲草型大豆杂交选育提供科学依据。结果表明,野生大豆与栽培大豆杂交组合中,以晚熟栽培大豆作为母本为正交试验,反交后代植株的粗蛋白、粗灰分和钙的含量均高于正交后代,而粗纤维和粗脂肪含量则低于正交后代;无论是正交还是反交,由杂交F1代到F4代,杂交后代植株的粗蛋白和粗灰分含量均随杂交代数增加而升高,分别由5.66%和4.74%升高到16.34%和6.59%;而粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量则随着杂交代数的增加而降低,分别由41.78%、69.31%和50.83%降低到35.36%、60.10%和42.07%。综合分析认为,以反交后代RC-F4-1的营养品质最好,更具作为优质牧草的潜力,可用作饲草型大豆的品种选育材料。

In the present study,we compared the nutrition values of straw from different generations of hybrid offspring of wild soybean（Glycine soja） and cultivated soybean（G.max）,which may provide scientific basis for the forage soybean cross breeding technology.The results show that the contents of crude protein,crude ash and calcium in the reciprocal cross offspring of wild soybean and cultivated soybean are higher than those in the direct cross offspring,while the contents of crude fiber and crude fat in the reciprocal cross offspring are lower than those of direct cross offspring.From generation F1 to F4 of the hybrid offsprings through both direct and reciprocal crossing,the contents of the crude protein and crude ash in the plants increased,and the values increased from 5.66% and 4.74% to 16.34% and 6.59%,respectively.However,the contents of crude fiber,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber decreased,and the values decreased from 41.78%,69.31% and 50.83% to 35.36%,60.10% and 42.07%,respectively.Comprehensive comparison shows that the nutritive value of the RC-F4-1 is the best in hybrid offspring,therefore it may be excellent forage potentially,and it could be used for breeding the forage soybean material.