8种除草剂对林业苗圃杂草的防除效果和苗木安全性试验

Effect of eight herbicides on weed control and seedling safety in forest nursery

通过盆栽和大田试验进行除草剂的筛选试验.结果表明,10%农得时可湿性粉剂(150～750 g.hm-2)、20%盖杰乳油(2 250～3 150 mL·hm-2)、33%施田补乳油(1 200～90 000 mL·hm-2)、24%惠尔乳油(600～3 000 mL·hm-2)、坪绿1号(900～1 500 mL·hm-2)、50%异丙隆可湿性粉剂(2 250～2 700 mL·hm-2)、50%丁草胺乳油(900～2 700 mL·hm-2)、30%苄丁可湿性粉剂(900～1 500 mL·hm-2)等8种除草剂的除草效果、控草时间各不相同,其中24%惠尔乳油(1 200 mL·hm-2)的除草效果可达100%,且控草时间在45 d以上;其他几种除草剂的除草效果和控草时间均低于24%惠尔乳油(1 200 mL·hm-2)相应指标.苗木安全性试验结果表明,24%惠尔乳油(1 200 mL·hm-2)对参试的播种苗出苗、早期生长和根系的影响是有限和短暂的,既使在苗木速生前期(出苗30 d前后)进行药剂处理,对苗木周年生长量影响也不大.

Experiment was carried out on the herbicide selection under the condition of basin cultivation and field.The results showed that these herbicides,10% Bensulfuron-methyl（150~750 g·hm-2）,20% Oxyfluorfen·Pendimethalin（2 250~3 150 mL·hm-2）,33% Pendimethalin（1 200~90 000 mL·hm-2）,24% Oxyfluorfen（600~3 000 mL·hm-2）,Pinglü 1（900~1 500 mL·hm-2）,50% Isoproturon（2 250~2 700 mL·hm-2）,50% Butachlor（900~2 700 mL·hm-2）,30% Bensulfuron-methyl·Butachlor（900~1 500 mL·hm-2）,had different weeding effect and weed control time,among which weeding effect of 24% Oxyfluorfen（1 200 mL·hm-2） could amount to 100% and its weed control time could maintain over 45 days.For the other seven kinds of herbicides,their weed control effect and weed control time were lower than the corresponding value of Oxyfluorfen.Furthermore,the seedling safety experiment indicated that 24% Oxyfluorfen（1 200 mL·hm-2） had little effect on emergence rate,early growth and root growth of the seedlings when applied before emergence of seedlings.Even if applyed before fast-growth stage（30 days after emergence of the seedlings）,the whole year growth of seedlings was hardly affected.