近代旅京鲁商与晋商比较研究

Comparative Research on Merchants of Shandong and Shanxi in Modern Beijing

在近代北京商业活动中,鲁商与晋商以其经营范围之广,规模之大,势力之强,形成了双峰并峙的格局。二者有诸多相同之处:都控制着北京的经济命脉,也具有共同主导的行业。然而,因历史传统和基础不同,他们又有着各自的行业优势和经营特色,在不同历史时期所发挥的作用也不一样:晋商的特色在于商业资本和金融资本紧密结合,在晚清时期势头强劲;鲁商则侧重于经营与市民日常生活密切相关的行业,在民国时期盛极一时。另外,二者不同的文化传统和价值取向直接决定了他们在京不同的发展趋向。

Merchants of Shandong and Shanxi were a pair of peaks for wide range of managing,imposing large scale and strong influence in modern Beijing.They shared many similarities： controlling Beijing＇s economic artery and having common dominant industry.But they also had their own advantages and managing characteristics because of their different historical traditions and foundation,so their roles were not the same in the different historical period： Shanxi merchants,with the characteristic of commercial capital and financial capital combination,were stronger in the late Qing period;Shandong merchants,focusing on the management of the daily life of Beijing people in the industry,were in fashion in their time in the period of the Republic of China.Their development trends in modern Beijing were determined directly by their different cultural traditions and values.