肠外营养联合不同肠内喂养添加量对早产儿生长发育的影响

Study for the effect of parenteral nutrition combined with enteral feeding add amount for the growth and development of premature children

目的探讨在肠外营养的基础上两种不同喂养添加量对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法将64例收住ICU的早产儿在肠外营养的基础上,第1天和第2天以5ml/(kg.d)的乳量喂养,第3天以15ml/(kg.d)的乳量喂养,72h后使用随机数字表分为实验组31例和对照组33例。实验组以30ml/(kg.d)的乳量逐日递增,对照组以20ml/(kg.d)的乳量逐日递增,直至达到完全肠内喂养量150ml/(kg.d)。喂养期间每天测量两组早产儿的体重,每周测量其身长、头围;矫正胎龄40周时进行新生儿神经行为(NBNA)评分。结果实验组1月时的体重明显高于对照组(P<0.05);矫正胎龄40周时的NBNA总分高于对照组,但两组相比差异无显著意义(P>0.05);实验组在行为能力、一般评估的评分高于对照组,差异有显著意义(P<0.05)。结论肠外营养联合30ml/(kg.d)的肠内喂养添加量可以促进早产儿的体格及智能的发育。

Objective To investigate the effect on growth and development of premature infant by two different feeding addition on the basis of the parenteral nutrition. Method On the basis of the parenteral nutrition, 64 premature infants admitted to the ICU were be fed with the 5 ml/（kg · d ） milk in the first and second day, and the 15 ml/（kg · d） milk in the third. Then they were randomly divided into test group （31 cases ） and control group （33 cases） after 72 hours. The premature infants in test group were feeding with 30 ml/（kg · d ） milk daily incre- ments, up to reach full enteral feeding 150 ml/（kg · d ）. In feeding period, the premature infant of two groups were measured the weight daily, length and head circumference the weekly, newborn neurobehavioral（NBNA） score of corrected gestational age 40 weeks. Result The weight of premature infants in test group were significantly higher than that of control group（P〈0.05）, the NBNA score of corrected gestational age 40 weeks were also higher than that of control group, but there were no significant difference in the two groups（P〉0.05） ; the capacity and the general assessment scores of test group were higher than control group, The difference was significant between the two group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Parenteral nutrition combined with 30 ml/（kg · d ） enteral feeding addition can promote the physical and mental development of premature infant.