旅游本科教育培养目标的变革、矛盾及其对实践的影响

A Study on Stages,Conflicts and Practical Effects of the Objectives of China's Tourism Undergraduate Education

培养目标是旅游本科教育的核心问题之一,是确定旅游教育发展方向的前提。对相关资料的搜集与整理发现,我国旅游本科教育的培养目标经历了从培养涉外服务人员和储备干部、到培养高级管理人才、再到培养应用型人才的发展历程。这一变化过程,体现出旅游本科培养目标中的3种矛盾,即应用型人才与研究型人才、中高级人才与初级人才、复合型人才与专门人才的矛盾。这3类矛盾对旅游本科教育实践的影响主要体现在课程设置的宽泛与就业方向的趋同两方面。

China＇s tourism undergraduate education has undergone a relatively long developing period. It indicates three stages in the transformation of the graduate objectives of this subject, which are the graduates as trainees and service providers for foreign- ers, the potential advanced managers, and then the theory applied human resources. During this changing process, three inferior conflicts were shown to be involved in the purpose of tourism undergraduate education： conflicts between researching and applied graduates, advanced and oridnary graduates, as well as generalists and specialists. Finally, this paper analyzes the effects of above changes and arguments on practice, with two topics needing further discussion in the future attached to the end.