中国与南苏丹石油合作的机遇与挑战

Opportunities and Challenges in Petroleum Cooperation between China and South Sudan

南苏丹是世界上最依赖石油收入和出口的国家,还面临着石油勘探前景黯淡,缺乏配套石油工业和石油基础设施、对从苏丹继承的石油合同的修改空间有限,以及与苏丹的跨界油田的管理问题尚未理顺等诸多困境。目前,在南苏丹的石油产业管理体系还尚未形成的背景下,中国石油企业应当在充分理解南苏丹的环境与社会公平等问题的基础上,积极与南苏丹商议石油合同的继承与修改问题,抓住美国继续维持对南苏丹石油投资限制的机遇,巩固在南苏丹的石油投资。中国政府应当协调与南苏丹及苏丹关系中的石油利益,依托多边声誉机制和具有正式制度的第三方机制,改善中国与南苏丹能源合作机制的单一性,维护中国在南苏丹合法的石油利益。

The Republic of South Sudan, the world＇ s most oil - dependent country, is facing bleak prospect of oil exploration, lack of inconsistent oil industry and oil infrastructure, limited spaces for modifying the oil contracts taken over from the Republic of Sudan and problem of cross - border oil field management. The Re- public of South Sudan has not established its oil industry management system at pres- ent. Chinese oil company, on the basis of fully understanding of environmental and social justice problems in South Sudan, shall actively negotiate with government of South Sudan for recognition and modification of the existing oil contracts, consoli- date oil investments at a time when the United States continues to maintain restric- tions on oil investments in South Sudan. Relying on multilateral reputation mecha- nisms and formal System of third- party mechanisms, Chinese government should balance its oil interests in Sudan and South Sudan, improve bilateral energy cooper- ation mechanism between China and South Sudan, and safeguard legal oil interests in South Sudan.