蜜蜂蜂王不同于工蜂的关键因素-蜂王浆主蛋白1

The key factor induces differentiation of queen and worker in honeybees-main royal jelly protein 1

蜂王浆是决定蜜蜂幼虫发育中级型分化,即成为蜂王还是工蜂的关键环境因素,而蜂王浆主蛋白(main royal jelly proteins,MRJPs)是反映蜂王浆新鲜度的重要指标。日本镰仓昌树以蜜蜂和果蝇为模型的最新研究表明,MRJP1是蜂王浆中决定蜜蜂级型分化的关键因子,该蛋白可通过激活虫体脂肪体中的表皮生长因子信号通路,引发个体增大、发育时间缩短和卵巢发育等蜂王特征的出现。因此,今后很有必要进一步开展MRJP1对人体的营养功能和作用机理研究,为MRJP1应用于功能食品提供科学依据。

The royal jelly（RJ）is the critical environment factors of caste determination,becoming worker or queen in development for honeybee larvae.Main royal jelly proteins（MRJPs）are the important quality index revealed RJ fresh level.According to Kamakura’s new discovery with honey bee and Drosophila as models,MRJP1 was the critical factors of caste determination in honeybee.The appearance of the characters of queen,such as increasing of body weight,decreasing of developmental time and ovary development appeared were caused by activating an epidermal growth factor receptor（Egfr）signaling pathway in fat body.Therefore,it was essential to further study the nutritional functions and mechanism of MRJP1 in human in future,which will provide knowledge for the protein to be applied in functional foods.