湘中安化黑色页岩土壤玉米的元素地球化学分析

Elemental Geochemistry of Maize Grown on the Black Shale Soil in Anhua County,Central Hunan,China

利用等离子质谱(ICP-MS)等分析技术,对产于安化东坪、烟溪黑色页岩土壤上的玉米进行元素地球化学分析。结果表明:尽管东坪、烟溪黑色页岩土壤重金属元素富集的程度及其元素组合特征明显不同,但生长在其上的玉米有相似的主量元素和重金属元素的富集特征。玉米中Cd、Cr、Sc、Tl、Zn等重金属相对富集,以Cd的富集尤为明显;而Ba、Co、Cu、Fe、Mo、Ni、Pb、Sb、U、V等重金属相对亏损。黑色页岩土壤重金属污染的环境地球化学效应表现为Sc、Cr、Cd、Tl等生物毒性重金属元素在玉米中富集,而Ba、V、Co、Ni、Mo、Rb、Sr等生物必需微量金属在玉米中亏损。

This paper reports a geochemical study on major and trace elements in maize grown on the black shale soils in Dongping and Yanxi areas of the Anhua County, central Hunan Province, China. Contents of elements in mazie were analyzed using ICP-MS techniques. The results show that, although the enrichment and the assemblage of elements in the soils of the two selected areas are remarkably different, maize grown in the two areas has very similar contents of major elements and heavy metals. The maize contains relatively high concentrations of heavy metals, such as Cd, Cr, Sc, T1 and Zn, especially Cd, and depletes slightly of other heavy metals, such as Ba, Co, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, PB, Sb, U and V. The significant enrichment of toxic metals, such as Sc, Cr, Cd and T1, and distinct depletion of biologically essential metals, such as Ba, V, Co, Ni, Mo, Rb and St, in the studied maize may be the results of the bio-environmental impacts of heavy metal contaminations in the black shale derived soils.