原油有机氯转移剂的制备与效果评价

Preparation of an organochlorine transfer agent for crude oil and performance evaluation

以合成的三乙基苄基氢氧化铵为相转移催化剂,与乙醇钠、溶剂复配后制得一种原油有机氯转移剂,在原油电脱盐、脱水条件下将原油中的有机氯转化为无机氯而将其脱除,减少氯对后续工序的危害。在实验室分别对四种原油进行了脱有机氯的效果评价,结果表明:随着加剂量的增加,有机氯的脱除率增加。当加剂量为20～40μg/g时,原油中有机氯质量分数可降低到3μg/g以下。该有机氯转移剂在500 Mt/a的常减压蒸馏装置上进行了工业试验,结果表明:加剂量为10μg/g时,电脱盐罐排水中氯离子含量增加,常顶及初顶冷凝水中氯离子质量分数分别减少69.71%和18.92%,脱除有机氯的效果比较明显。该原油有机氯转移剂无毒无害,加注方便,加剂费用低,不影响装置的正常生产。

The triethyl benzyl ammonium hydroxide, as a phase transfer catalyst, is complexed with sodium ethylate and solvent to prepare an organochlorine transfer agent for crude oil, which can convert the organochlorines in the crude oil to inorganochlorines under the process conditions of electric desalting and dehydration to remove organiochlorines and to reduce their detrimental effects in the downstream units. The results of laboratory evaluations of organochlorine transfer agent on 4 crude oils show that the organochlorine removal rate rises with increased dosage of agent. When it is added at a dosage of 20 to 40 μg/g, the organochlorinc in crude oil is lowered to less 3 μg/g. The application of the organochlorine transfer agent in a 5.0 MM TPY commercial atmospheric-vacuum distillation unit demonstrates that, when it is added at a dosage of 10 μg/g, the chlorine ions in blowdown water of desalter drum are increased, and chlorine ions in the overhead conden- sates of atmospheric tower and preliminary tower are reduced by 66.68% and 18.92% respectively. The dechlorination effect of the agent is obvious. The organochlorine transfer agent for crude oil is nonhazardous, easy in addition and low in cost and has no impact on normal unit operation.