手足口病279例临床观察与护理

Clinical observation and nursing of 279 children with hand-foot-mouth disease

目的总结儿童手足口病279例临床特点及护理经验,加深对本病的认识,提高护理水平。方法对2008年5月～2012年2月收治的279例手足口病患儿进行临床特点分析,并采取隔离、密切观察病情、皮肤护理、口腔护理、饮食护理与心理护理等综合护理策略。结果手足口病的高发季节在5～8月,高发年龄为3岁以下小儿,279例手足口病患儿中,普通病例267例(95.7%),重症病例12例(4.3%),除3例重症患儿死亡,其余276例均治愈。结论患儿入院后及时给予隔离并制定全面系统的护理策略能缓解患儿症状,更好地促进康复,及时发现重症病例,减少病死率;及时做好手足口病患儿的消毒隔离与合理舒适的护理能够减轻患儿的症状、缩短病程及减少并发症的发生。

Objective To summarize the clinical feature and nursing experience of 279 children with hand-foot-mouth disease,in order to deepen the cognition of disease,enhance the nursing level.Methods The clinical features of 279 cases of children with hand-foot-mouth disease in our hospital from May 2008 to February 2012 were analyzed,and the comprehensive nursing strategies of isolation,close observation of patients＇ state,skin nursing,mouth nursing,diet nursing,psychological nursing were adopted.Results The highoccurrence season of hand-foot-mouth disease was May to August,and the highoccurrence age was children under 3 years old.Among 279 cases of children with hand-foot-mouth disease,267 cases（95.7%） were ordinary cases,12 cases（4.3%） were serious cases,276 cases were all cured,besides 3 cases severe children were dead.Conclusion Promptly isolation and formulation of comprehensive and systematic nursing strategy can remit symptoms of children after admission to hospital,promote recovery preferably,discover serious cases and reduce fatality rate.Completing disinfection isolation of hand-foot-mouth disease children and reasonable and comfortable nursing timely can reduce the symptoms of children,shorten the course of disease and reduce the occurred of complications.