黄淮南片冬小麦产量及其构成因素的相关分析

Correlation Analysis on the Yield and Its Factors of Winter Wheat in South Huang-Huai River

[目的]研究黄淮南片冬小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)产量的影响因素,探讨小麦产量及其构成因素之间的相互关系。[方法]根据2009～2010年度我国黄淮南片小麦冬水组预备试验的数据资料,对产量及产量构成因素进行相关分析和通径分析。[结果]构成产量的三因素随产量的提高都增大,但在不同产量水平下对产量作用的效应不同。在一定的产量水平下,产量构成因素与产量相关程度为:千粒重(0.309 68)>穗粒数(0.219 75)>有效穗数(0.054 58);对产量的直接影响为:千粒重(0.703 05)>有效穗数(0.613 19)>穗粒数(0.469 10)。[结论]结合黄淮南片地区小麦生态条件的特点,黄淮南片冬小麦高产育种策略应增加千粒重,稳定有效穗数,挖掘穗粒数的潜力。

[ Objective ] To study the influencing factors on the yield of winter wheat （ Triticum aestivum L. ） in South Huang-Huai River, and ex- plore the relationships between wheat yield and its factors. [ Method ] According to the preliminary test data during 2009 -2010, a correlation and path analysis was conducted on the yield and yield factors of winter wheat in South Huang-Huai River. [ Result] All the three yield factors increased with the improving yield, but produced different effects on yield. Under certain level of yield, the correlation degree between yield fac- tors and yield was 1 000-grain weight （0. 309 68 ） 〉 number of grains （0. 219 75 ） 〉 number of productive ears （0.054 58 ） ; their influence on yield was 1 000-grain weight （0.703 05） 〉 number of productive ears （0.613 19） 〉 number of grains （0.469 10）. [ Conclusion] According to the ecological conditions of wheat production in South Huang-Huai River, the 1 000-grain weight should be improved, the number of productive ears should be kept stable and the potential of improving the grains number should be exploited.