冀西北食用向日葵肥料效应

Research on Fertilizer Effects on Confectionary Sunflower in Northwest Hebei of China

[目的]研究冀西北食用向日葵的肥料效应。[方法]以近年筛选出的优良品种为供试品种,采用"3414"试验设计方案,对新品种进行不同N、P、K施肥水平的研究,以摸索新品种的最佳施肥效益、最佳施肥组合。[结果]钾肥对食用向日葵的产量影响较大。常规品种最高产量的施肥组合为N 71.7 kg/hm2、P2O548.3 kg/hm2、K2O 68.4 kg/hm2,此时产量达3 052.5 kg/hm2;最佳经济效益施肥组合为N67.2 kg/hm2、P2O550.1 kg/hm2、K2O 68.3 kg/hm2,此时产量达2 909.7 kg/hm2。杂交品种最高产量的施肥组合为N 65.1 kg/hm2、P2O566.5 kg/hm2、K2O 154.4 kg/hm2,此时产量达3 302.4 kg/hm2;最佳经济效益施肥组合为N 72.8 kg/hm2、P2O557.8 kg/hm2、K2O 138.8kg/hm2,此时产量达3 291.3 kg/hm2。[结论]该研究可为新品种推广利用的配套栽培技术提供科学依据。

[ Objective ] The aim was to study the fertilizer effects on confectionary smfflower in northwest Hebei of China. [ Method ] Fine excel- lent varieties were sampled to carry out a ＇3414＇ test to study different N,P and K fertilization levels, so as to explore the optimum fertilization benefit and optimum fertilization combination of the new varieties. [ Result] K fertilizer had the largest effect on the yield of confectionary sun- flower. The maximum yielding fertilization combination of conventional varieties was 71.7 kg/hm^2 N ,48.3 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 68.4 kg/hm^2 K2O, under which the yield was 3 052.5 kg/hm^2. The best fertilization combination for highest economic benefits was 67.2 kg/hm^2 N,50.1 kg/hm^2 P2O5 and 68.3 kg/hm^2 K2 O, under which the yield was 2 909.7 kg/hm^2. The maximum yielding fertilization combination of hybrid varieties was 65.1 kg/hm^2 N,66.5 kg/hm^2 P2O5 and 154.4 kg/hm^2 K2O, under which the yield was 3 302.4 kg/hm^2. The best fertilization combination for highest economic benefits was 72.8 kg/hm^2 N,57.8 kg/hm^2 P2 05 and 138.7 kg/hm^2 Ks O, under which the yield was 3 291.3 kg/hm^2. [ Conclusion] The research provides a scientific basis for the promotion and cultivation technology of the new varieties.