“96.8”邯郸特大暴雨过程分析

Analysis on “96.8” Heavy Rainstorm Process in Handan

[目的]分析"96.8"邯郸洪涝灾害的特大暴雨过程。[方法]利用1996年8月上旬的实况资料、卫星云图资料和NCEP再分析资料,对造成邯郸"96.8"洪涝灾害的特大暴雨过程进行了分析,了解此次洪涝灾害发生的原因。[结果]先后发展北上的2个中尺度对流云团造成了邯郸"96.8"特大暴雨;台风倒槽是引发的邯郸洪涝灾害的主要天气系统;低空急流在北上过程中,受副热带高压的阻挡,使水汽和能量在邯郸积聚,为特大暴雨的形成提供了物质基础;中纬短波槽的发展东移以及低层回流弱冷空气的不断入侵,是触发中尺度对流云团生成、发展,进而导致暴雨持续的直接原因;暴雨区上空湿层深厚,湿区的经向分布比纬向更宽广,暴雨区的水汽源地为南海和孟加拉湾。整个暴雨时段,暴雨区低层辐合、高层辐散,低层是正涡度、高层为负涡度,且降水强度随辐合、辐散的增减变化;暴雨区为强烈上升运动区,随上升运动强中心的加强向上抬升、强降水也增强,暴雨中心位于最大垂直速度中心附近,强降水随垂直上升运动的增强而增强、减弱而减弱。[结论]该研究为防灾减灾、决策服务提供科学依据。

[ Objective ] The research aimed to analyze ＂96.8＂ heavy rainstorm process caused flood disaster in Handan. [ Method ] Based on actual situation data, satellite cloud data and NCEP reanalysis data in the first dekad of August in 1996, ＂96.8＂ heavy rainstorm process caused flood disaster in Handan was analyzed, to understand occurrence reason of the flood disaster. [ Result ] Two meso-scale convective cloud clusters which developed and went north in turn caused ＂96.8＂ heavy rainstorm in Handan. Typhoon and inverted trough were main weather systems induced flood disaster in Handan. In going north process of the low-level jet, due to blocking of the subtropical high, water vapor and energy accumulated in Handan, providing material basis for formation of the heavy rainstorm. Development and eastward movement of the short-wave trough at middle latitude and continuous invasion of the reflux weak cold air at the low layer were direct reason for triggering generation and development of the convective cloud cluster, and further causing continuous rainstorm. Wet layer over the rainstorm zone was deep and thick. Meridional distribution of the wet zone was wider than latitudinal distribution. South China Sea and Bay of Bengal were water vapor sources for the rainstorm zone. In the whole rainstorm period, it was convergence at low layer and divergence at high layer in the rain- storm zone. It was positive vorticity at low layer and negative vorticity at high layer. Precipitation intensity changed as convergence and diver- gence. Rainstorm zone was strong ascending motion zone. As strengthening and uplifting of the ascending motion strong center, strong precipi- tation also strengthened. Rainstorm center was near the biggest vertical velocity center. Strong precipitation changed as vertical ascending mo- tion. [ Conclusion] The research provided scientific basis for disaster prevention and reduction, decision service.