我国城市产妇母乳喂养知识 态度与喂养行为的关联研究

Attitudes and knowledge related to breastfeeding behaviors among mothers in urban areas in China

目的了解我国城市产妇母乳喂养的知识、态度,探讨母乳喂养知识、态度与喂养行为的关系。方法通过自填式问卷了解产妇的母乳喂养知识、态度和喂养行为,比较不同社会人口学特征下母乳喂养知识和态度的差异。通过Logistic回归校正社会人口学特征,评价母乳喂养知识、态度对喂养行为的独立影响。结果产妇母乳喂养知识的平均得分为(8.5±1.5)分,母乳喂养组产妇母乳喂养知识的掌握程度普遍优于混合/人工喂养组,进行早期母乳喂养的可能性随母乳喂养知识得分的增加而增加(OR=1.305)。98.1%的产妇愿意坚持母乳喂养,认为自己能坚持6个月以上的占92.4%,母乳喂养的消极态度将影响母乳喂养行为的实现(OR=0.233)。结论母乳喂养知识和态度是影响早期母乳喂养行为的独立因素。加强孕产期母乳喂养知识的宣传教育,增强产妇母乳喂养的信心,将有利于促进母乳喂养行为的实现。

Objective To describe maternal breasffeeding knowledge and attitudes in Chinese cities, and evaluate the relationship among attitudes, knowledge and feeding behavior. Methods Serf-administered questionnaires about breasffeeding knowledge, attitudes and feeding behavior were finished by mothers in hospitals. The associations of breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes with age, education, and income levels were explored by Chi-square analysis. And their independent associations with breasffeeding behaviors were evaluated by binary logistic regression analyses, adjusting socio- demographic characteristics. Results The average score of maternal breastfeeding knowledge was （ 8.5 ＋ 1.5 ）. Knowl- edge. level of breastfeeding group was better than that of partial/artificial group. The scores of breasffeeding knowledge in- creased 1 point, the likelihood of in-hospital breasffeeding practices increased 1. 305 times. The mothers willing to breastfeeding were account for 98.1%. 92.4% of mothers thought they would insist on breasffeeding for 6 months. Negative attitude to breasffeeding made negative effect on breasffeeding behavior （ OR = 0. 233 ）. Conclusion Breastfeeding attitudes and knowledge are independent factor for breasffeeding behaviors. Improving the knowledge and confidence for breastfeeding is useful for improving breastfeeding behaviors.