我国5省市18～60岁城乡居民超重肥胖现状调查及影响因素分析

Study on the prevalence status of body overweight and obesity and their influencing factors among the urban and rural adult citizens aged 18 to 60 in 5 provinces in China

目的研究我国18～60岁城乡居民超重和肥胖流行现状及影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法,在北京、辽宁、浙江、云南、陕西抽取6159名城乡居民,进行超重、肥胖流行现状的问卷调查,采用SPSS 13.0软件对影响因素进行单因素χ2检验和多因素Logistic回归分析。结果收回有效问卷6159份,问卷有效率100%。调查对象的体重指数(BMI)为(23.1±3.6),体重偏轻比例为5.7%,正常为58.7%,超重为28.9%,肥胖为6.3%。不同城乡、性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、婚姻状况、是否吸烟、每周饮酒次数、每周锻炼锻炼次数及锻炼时间的成年居民之间超重肥胖率不同,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析,超重肥胖的危险因素有男性、高年龄组、工人、戒烟者。结论我国城乡居民超重肥胖患病患病率较高,在社区人群中应大力倡导健康的生活方式和行为,加强控制体重,特别是农村中老年人群。

Objective To study current epidemiological status of overweight and obesity and their influencing factors among the urban and rural citizens aged 18 to 60 in China. Methods 6159 urban and rural citizens were selected with multi-stage stratified sampling from Beijing, Liaoning, Zhejiang, Yunnan and Shaanxi to undergo a questionnaire survey on the status of overweight and obesity. We use Chi-square test and Binary Logistic Regression to analysis and decide which factors affect the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the interviewers. Results We successfully collected 6159 val- id questionnaires in all during our survey and the response rate was 100%. The mean of the citizens＇ Body Mass Index （BMI） mean was （23. 1 ＋3.6）. The prevalence rates of underweight, normal, overweight and obesity in this population were 5.7%, 58.7%, 28.9% and 6. 3%. The prevalence of citizens from different part of the country, gender, educa- tional status, occupation, marriage status, frequency of drinking, smoking and excise, and the length of exercise were significantly different （P 〈 0. 05）. Binary Logistic Regression analysis showed male, high age, workers, smoking aban- don, drinking less than 3 times a week but more than I time. Conclusion The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Chinese population was high. It is necessary to promote healthy life style and behavior in the community population to prevent and control of overweight, especially in rural middle aged and elderly population.