我国居民科学健康观素养现状及影响因素分析

Study on the scientific health view and its influencing factors among Chinese residents

目的了解我国居民科学健康观素养现状,为制定健康教育干预措施提供科学依据。方法利用2008年全国居民健康素养调查资料,采用SAS 9.1.3软件对科学健康观素养数据进行分析。结果我国居民具备科学健康观素养为29.97%。其中81.45%的居民能正确理解适量献血与健康的关系,80.26%的居民认为吸毒对健康有危害,88.02%的居民认为每年应做1次健康体检。居民科学健康观知识得分男性(5.55±1.71)高于女性,城市居民(5.87±1.52)高于农村居民,单身居民(5.65±1.73)高于已婚居民,文化程度中硕士及以上得分最高(6.51±1.22),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。年龄、地区、文化程度、职业状态、婚姻状况、家庭常住人口数和家庭平均月收入是居民科学健康观素养的影响因素(P<0.01),文化程度是主要的影响因素。结论应采取多种方式促使居民树立科学的健康观念,提高居民健康素养。

Objective To understand the situation of scientific health view among Chinese residents, and provide evidence for health policy and intervention development. Methods 2008 National Residents Health Literacy Survey data were analyzed by using SAS 9. l. 3 software for scientific health view. Results The level of scientific health view among Chinese residents was 29. 97%. 81.45% of residents had a correct understanding of the relationship between the blood donation and health, 80. 26% residents thought that drug abuse were hazards to health, 88.02% of residents thought that physical check should be taken for 1 times per year. Knowledge scores of scientific health view among male residents （5.55 ± 1.71 ） , urban residents （5.87 ± 1.52 ） , single residents （ 5. 65± 1.73 ） and masters or higher educa- tion level （6. 51 ± 1.22） were higher than others （P 〈 0. 01 ）. Multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that the influencing factors were age, region, education, occupation, marriage, income and family permanent population （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, the main factors was education level. Conclusion It should be carried out various measures to help Chinese residents establish scientific health view and improve their health literacy level.