科学史融入科学课程的利与“弊”

History of Science is Incorporated into the Science Curriculum: Advantages and Disadvantages

科学史融入科学课程对于提高学生的科学素养有着重要的意义。将科学史融入科学课程,具有认知目标、元认知目标与情感目标三个维度的教育价值,其中,元认知价值是其本源价值,其他两种价值则是其衍生价值。将科学史融入科学课程还存在着一些潜在的"弊端",主要表现为科学研究与历史研究的目标与方法有实质性差别,科学课程中存在辉格主义科学史倾向,对于学生掌握科学史的程度难以测量。这些观点可促使我们更加自觉地利用科学史达成科学教育的目标。

The incorporation of history of science into the science curriculum is of great significance to the improvement of students＇ scientific literacy. And the incorporation has three dimensions in its education value, i.e. cognitive objective, metacognitive objective and emotional objective, with the metacognitive value being its source value and the other two being the derived ones. However, the incorporation has its disadvantages like the essential difference between scientific research and historical research in their objectives and methods, the tendency of Whiggish history of science in the science curriculum, and the difficulty in measuring students＇ mastery of history of science. A good understanding of these ideas is berleficial for us to attain the objective of scientific education by using the history of science automatically.