车辆驾驶室内噪声建模及分析

Modeling and Analysis of Inner Noise of Vehicle's Cab

驾驶室内噪声是车辆乘坐舒适性的重要指标之一。以某型水泥搅拌车为例,综合考虑驾驶室外噪声源和悬置点振动源的影响,建立较全面的驾驶室声振耦合有限元分析模型。通过有限元仿真分析室内噪声响应和驾驶室结构吸声敏感特性。根据仿真结果提出改进措施,改进前后仿真计算结果与实验测得的结果较为吻合,改进后室内的降噪效果较为理想,降低3 dBA左右,并且低频噪声得到抑制。上述结果充分验证模型和降噪方法的有效性。

The internal noise in vehicle＇ s cab is one of the important criteria for riding comfort. Considering the outside noise and the suspension vibration, the acoustic-vibration coupled finite element model of the cab of a cement mixer was built. With the finite element analysis, the noise sensitivities to the excitation sources and the sound absorption parameters of the cab panels were researched. Some improvements were proposed to reduce the noise inside the cab based on the simulation results. After the improvements, the model was simulated again, and the simulation results were found to be in good agreement with those by experiments. The noise abatement is noticeably reduced about 3dBA, and the low frequency noise is also suppressed. These results indicate that the finite element model is accurate, and the improvements for noise reduction are effective.